Professor Simon LucasProfessor of Artificial IntelligenceEmail: simon.lucas@qmul.ac.ukRoom Number: Peter Landin, CS 320ResearchPublicationsResearchResearch Interests:Find me on:Google ScholarResearch GateORCID ID: 0000-0002-3180-7451The main focus of my research is AI and Games ? both using games an ideal test-bed for AI research, and in using AI to make better game-playing agents, generating new games and optimising game content and game parameters. This leads on to studying various types of machine learning, with particular emphasis on reinforcement learning and evolutionary algorithms.I am the director of the Game AI Research Group at Queen Mary University of London and am also the Queen Mary lead for the EPSRC funded Centre for Doctoral Training in Intelligent Games and Game Intelligence (IGGI).Research includes novel approaches to General Video Game AI.Games are a natural source of noisy optimisation algorithms, and in our group we have developed an efficient approach to this that combines evolutionary algorithms with combinatorial bandit algorithms. It is called the N-Tuple Bandit Evolutionary Algorithm and will soon be made open-source: more details available on request.Publications Meng F, Lucas S (2024). Deduction Game Framework and Information Set Entropy Search. 2024 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog60054.2024.10645614 QMRO: qmroHref Goodman J, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas S (2024). Measuring Randomness in Tabletop Games. 2024 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog60054.2024.10645623 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/99479 Goodman J, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas S (2024). Skill Depth in Tabletop Board Games. 2024 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog60054.2024.10645624 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/99481 Jin Y, Song X, Slabaugh G et al. (2024). Partial Advantage Estimator for Proximal Policy Optimization. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tg.2024.3408298 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/98015 Guerrero-Romero C, Lucas S, Perez-Liebana D (2023). Beyond Playing to Win: Creating a Team of Agents With Distinct Behaviors for Automated Gameplay. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/TG.2023.3241864 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/84300 Goodman J, Wallat A, Perez-Liebana D et al. (2023). A case study in AI-assisted board game design. 2023 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog57401.2023.10333138 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/94739 Goodman J, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas S (2023). Following the Leader in Multiplayer Tabletop Games. Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games DOI: 10.1145/3582437.3582449 QMRO: qmroHref Goodman J, Perez D, Lucas SM (2022). Visualising Multiplayer Game Spaces. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/TG.2021.3138561 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/76761 Dockhorn A, Lucas S (2022). Choosing Representation, Mutation, and Crossover in Genetic Algorithms. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/mci.2022.3199626 QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, Lucas SM (2006). Arms Races and Car Races. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/11844297_62 QMRO: qmroHref Bravi I, Lucas S (publicationYear). Rinascimento: Playing Splendor-Like Games With Event-Value Functions. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tg.2022.3171908 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/98011 Goodman J, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas S (2022). MultiTree MCTS in Tabletop Games. IEEE Conference on Games DOI: 10.1109/CoG51982.2022.9893605 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/84301 Bojarczuk K, Gucevska N, Lucas S et al. (2021). Measurement Challenges for Cyber Cyber Digital Twins. Proceedings of the 15th ACM / IEEE International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM) DOI: 10.1145/3475716.3484196 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/98022 Ahlgren J, Bojarczuk K, Drossopoulou S et al. (2021). Facebook’s Cyber–Cyber and Cyber–Physical Digital Twins. Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering DOI: 10.1145/3463274.3463275 QMRO: qmroHref Gaina RD, Devlin S, Lucas SM et al. (2021). Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms for General Video Game Playing. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/TG.2021.3060282 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/71287 Goodman J, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas S (2021). Fingerprinting Tabletop Games. IEEE Conference on Games DOI: 10.1109/CoG52621.2021.9619089 QMRO: https://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/77826 Goodman J, Lucas S (2021). Weighting NTBEA for game AI optimisation. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/84766 Ovalle A, Lucas SM (2020). Modulation of Viability Signals for Self-regulatory Control. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64919-7_12 QMRO: qmroHref Tang Z, Zhu Y, Zhao D et al. (publicationYear). Enhanced Rolling Horizon Evolution Algorithm With Opponent Model Learning: Results for the Fighting Game AI Competition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tg.2020.3022698 QMRO: qmroHref Ovalle A, Lucas SM (2020). Bootstrapped model learning and error correction for planning with uncertainty in model-based RL. 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231599 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2020). Cross-Platform Games in Kotlin. 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231914 QMRO: qmroHref Balla M, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D (2020). Evaluating Generalisation in General Video Game Playing. 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231530 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/65399 Dockhorn A, Lucas S (2020). Local Forward Model Learning for GVGAI Games. 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231793 QMRO: qmroHref Bamford C, Lucas SM (2020). Neural Game Engine: Accurate learning of generalizable forward models from pixels.. 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231688 QMRO: qmroHref Volkovas R, Fairbank M, Woodward JR et al. (2020). Practical Game Design Tool: State Explorer. 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231863 QMRO: qmroHref Bravi I, Lucas SM (2020). Rinascimento: using event-value functions for playing Splendor. 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231691 QMRO: qmroHref Gaina RD, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM et al. (2020). Self-Adaptive Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms for General Video Game Playing. 2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cog47356.2020.9231587 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/65400 Goodman J, Lucas S (2020). Does it matter how well I know what you’re thinking? Opponent Modelling in an RTS game.. 2020 IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence DOI: 10.1109/CEC48606.2020.9185512 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/69388 Schrum J, Gutierrez J, Volz V et al. (2020). Interactive evolution and exploration within latent level-design space of generative adversarial networks. Proceedings of the 2020 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference DOI: 10.1145/3377930.3389821 QMRO: qmroHref Montoliu R, Gaina RD, Pérez-Liebana D et al. (2020). Efficient Heuristic Policy Optimisation for a Challenging Strategic Card Game. International Conference on the Applications of Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-43722-0_26 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/65282 Lucas S (2020). Artificial Intelligence and Games. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s13218-020-00646-x QMRO: qmroHref Samothrakis S, Perez D, Lucas S (2019). Training Gradient Boosting Machines Using Curve-Fitting and Information-Theoretic Features for Causal Direction Detection. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21810-2_11 QMRO: qmroHref Perez-Liebana D, Gaina RD, Drageset O et al. (publicationYear). Analysis of Statistical Forward Planning Methods in Pommerman. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1609/aiide.v15i1.5226 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/61628 Liébana DPXR, Lucas SM, Gaina RD et al. (2019). General Video Game Artificial Intelligence. nameOfConference DOI: 10.2200/s00944ed1v01y201908gci005 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Shen T, Wang X et al. (2019). General game AI with statistical forward planning algorithms. nameOfConference DOI: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-6652.201935 QMRO: qmroHref Volkovas R, Fairbank M, Woodward JR et al. (2019). Mek: Mechanics Prototyping Tool for 2D Tile-Based Turn-Based Deterministic Games. 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2019.8848016 QMRO: qmroHref Bravi I, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM et al. (2019). Rinascimento: Optimising Statistical Forward Planning Agents for Playing Splendor. 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2019.8848028 QMRO: qmroHref Shoop K, Lowthorpe C, Anderson L et al. (2019). The Games Fusion Project: Competencies for Game Design. 2019 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2019.8848035 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Dockhorn A, Volz V et al. (2019). A Local Approach to Forward Model Learning: Results on the Game of Life Game. IEEE Conference on Games (COG) DOI: 10.1109/CIG.2019.8848002 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/61748 Dockhorn A, Lucas S, Volz V et al. (2019). Learning Local Forward Models on Unforgiving Games. IEEE Conference on Games (COG) DOI: 10.1109/CIG.2019.8848044 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/61745 GAINA RALUCA, Lucas S, Perez-Liebana D (2019). Project Thyia: A Forever Gameplayer. IEEE Conference on Games (COG) DOI: 10.1109/CIG.2019.8848047 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/61794 Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Pérez-Liébana D (publicationYear). Tackling Sparse Rewards in Real-Time Games with Statistical Forward Planning Methods. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1609/aaai.v33i01.33011691 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/55132 Zhao D, Lucas S, Togelius J (2019). Deep Reinforcement Learning and Games [Guest Editorial]. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/MCI.2019.2919362 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/61793 Bravi I, Volz V, Lucas S (2019). Game AI hyperparameter tuning in rinascimento. Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference Companion DOI: 10.1145/3319619.3326842 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Volz V (2019). Tile pattern KL-divergence for analysing and evolving game levels. Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference DOI: 10.1145/3321707.3321781 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Liu J, Abdel Samea Khalifa A et al. (2019). General Video Game AI: a Multi-Track Framework for Evaluating Agents, Games and Content Generation Algorithms. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tg.2019.2901021 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/59616 Agapitos A, Loughran R, Nicolau M et al. (2019). A Survey of Statistical Machine Learning Elements in Genetic Programming. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tevc.2019.2900916 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Liu J, Bravi I et al. (2019). Efficient Evolutionary Methods for Game Agent Optimisation: Model-Based is Best. Game Simulations Workshop (AAAI) DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Volkovas R, Fairbank M, Woodward JR et al. (2019). Extracting Learning Curves From Puzzle Games. 2019 11th Computer Science and Electronic Engineering (CEEC) DOI: 10.1109/ceec47804.2019.8974318 QMRO: qmroHref Kunanusont K, Lucas S, Pérez-Liébana D (publicationYear). Modeling Player Experience with the N-Tuple Bandit Evolutionary Algorithm. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1609/aiide.v14i1.13039 QMRO: qmroHref Gaina R, Lucas S, Pérez-Liébana D (publicationYear). VERTIGØ: Visualisation of Rolling Horizon Evolutionary Algorithms in GVGAI. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1609/aiide.v14i1.13011 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2018). Game AI Research with Fast Planet Wars Variants. 2018 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2018.8490377 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/54659 Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D (2018). General Win Prediction from Agent Experience. 2018 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2018.8490439 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/59584 Bravi I, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM et al. (2018). Shallow Decision-Making Analysis in General Video Game Playing. 2018 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2018.8490365 QMRO: qmroHref Guerrero-Romero C, LUCAS S, PEREZ-LIEBANA D (2018). Using a Team of General AI Algorithms to Assist Game Design and Testing. 2018 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/CIG.2018.8490417 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/54695 Lucas SM, Liu J, Perez-Liebana D (2018). The N-Tuple Bandit Evolutionary Algorithm for Game Agent Optimisation. 2018 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2018.8477869 QMRO: qmroHref Volz V, Schrum J, Liu J et al. (2018). Evolving mario levels in the latent space of a deep convolutional generative adversarial network. Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference DOI: 10.1145/3205455.3205517 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/54683 Lucas SM (2018). Game AI Research with Fast Planet Wars Variants. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D (2018). General Win Prediction from Agent Experience. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Kunanusont K, Lucas SM, Pérez-Lébana D (2018). Modeling player experience with the n-tuple bandit evolutionary algorithm. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Sironi CF, Liu J, Perez-Liebana D et al. (2018). Self-adaptive MCTS for General Video Game Playing. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77538-8_25 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/42663 Guerrero-Romero C, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D (2018). Using a Team of General AI Algorithms to Assist Game Design and Testing. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Rohlfshagen P, Liu J, Perez-Liebana D et al. (2018). Pac-Man Conquers Academia: Two Decades of Research Using a Classic Arcade Game. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tg.2017.2737145 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/51263 Gaina RD, Couetoux A, Soemers D et al. (2017). The 2016 Two-Player GVGAI Competition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/TCIAIG.2017.2771241 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/32288 Lucas SM, Liu J, Pérez-Liébana D (2017). Efficient Noisy Optimisation with the Multi-Sample and Sliding Window Compact Genetic Algorithms. 2017 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence (SSCI) DOI: 10.1109/ssci.2017.8285333 QMRO: qmroHref Perez-Liebana D, Stephenson M, Gaina RD et al. (2017). Introducing real world physics and macro-actions to general video game ai. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/CIG.2017.8080443 QMRO: qmroHref Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D (2017). Rolling horizon evolution enhancements in general video game playing. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/CIG.2017.8080420 QMRO: qmroHref Gaina RD, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D (2017). Population seeding techniques for Rolling Horizon Evolution in General Video Game Playing. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2017.7969540 QMRO: qmroHref Kunanusont K, Gaina RD, Liu J et al. (2017). The N-Tuple bandit evolutionary algorithm for automatic game improvement. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/CEC.2017.7969571 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/54629 Liu J, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM (2017). Bandit-Based Random Mutation Hill-Climbing. 2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2017.7969564 QMRO: qmroHref Walton-Rivers J, Williams PR, Bartle R et al. (2017). Evaluating and Modelling Hanabi-Playing Agents. 2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2017.7969465 QMRO: qmroHref Liu J, Togelius J, Pèrez-Liebana D et al. (2017). Evolving Game Skill-Depth Using General Video Game AI Agents. 2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2017.7969583 QMRO: qmroHref Kunanusont K, Lucas SM, Perez-Liebana D (2017). General Video Game AI: Learning from Screen Capture. 2017 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2017.7969556 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2017). IEEE CIS VP-Education Vision Statement. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/MCI.2016.2627665 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/61796 Gaina RD, Pérez-Liébana D, Lucas SM (2017). General video game for 2 players: Framework and competition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/CEEC.2016.7835911 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/59597 Gaina RD, Liu J, Lucas SM et al. (2017). Analysis of vanilla rolling Horizon evolution parameters in general video game playing. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55849-3_28 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/59596 Samothrakis S, Fasli M, Perez D et al. (2016). Default policies for global optimisation of noisy functions with severe noise. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s10898-016-0482-9 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/32289 Agapitos A, O’Neill M, Kattan A et al. (2017). Recursion in tree-based genetic programming. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s10710-016-9277-5 QMRO: qmroHref Khalifa A, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM et al. (2016). General Video Game Level Generation. Proceedings of the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference 2016 DOI: 10.1145/2908812.2908920 QMRO: qmroHref Perez-Liebana D, Mostaghim S, Lucas SM (2016). Multiobjective Tree Search Approaches for General Video Game Playing. 2016 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2016.7743851 QMRO: qmroHref Perez-Liebana D, Samothrakis S, Togelius J et al. (publicationYear). General Video Game AI: Competition, Challenges and Opportunities. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1609/aaai.v30i1.9869 QMRO: qmroHref Dorigo M, Yao X, Lisboa P et al. (publicationYear). Plenary Talks. 2015 IEEE Symposium Series on Computational Intelligence DOI: 10.1109/ssci.2015.8 QMRO: qmroHref Pérez-Liébana D, Samothrakis S, Togelius J et al. (2016). Analyzing the Robustness of General Video Game Playing Agents. 2016 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2016.7860430 QMRO: qmroHref Williams PR, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM (2016). Ms. Pac-Man Versus Ghost Team CIG 2016 Competition. 2016 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2016.7860446 QMRO: qmroHref Liu J, Pérez-Liébana D, Lucas SM (2016). Rolling Horizon Coevolutionary Planning for Two-Player Video Games. 2016 8th Computer Science and Electronic Engineering (CEEC) DOI: 10.1109/ceec.2016.7835909 QMRO: qmroHref Samothrakis S, Perez-Liebana D, Lucas SM et al. (2015). Neuroevolution for General Video Game Playing. 2015 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2015.7317943 QMRO: qmroHref Runarsson TP, Lucas SM (2015). On Imitating Connect-4 Game Trajectories Using An Approximate N-Tuple Evaluation Function. 2015 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2015.7317961 QMRO: qmroHref Liebana DP, Dieskau J, Hunermund M et al. (2015). Open Loop Search for General Video Game Playing. Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1145/2739480.2754811 QMRO: qmroHref Perez-Liebana D, Samothrakis S, Togelius J et al. (2016). The 2014 General Video Game Playing Competition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tciaig.2015.2402393 QMRO: qmroHref Williams PR, Walton-Rivers J, Perez-Liebana D et al. (2015). Monte Carlo Tree Search Applied to Co-Operative Problems. 2015 7th Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Conference (CEEC) DOI: 10.1109/ceec.2015.7332728 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Samothrakis S, Pérez D (2014). Fast Evolutionary Adaptation for Monte Carlo Tree Search. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45523-4_29 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Togelius J, Samothrakis S et al. (publicationYear). Automated Map Generation for the Physical Traveling Salesman Problem. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tevc.2013.2281508 QMRO: qmroHref Runarsson TP, Lucas SM (publicationYear). Preference Learning for Move Prediction and Evaluation Function Approximation in Othello. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tciaig.2014.2307272 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/69412 Samothrakis S, Perez D, Lucas SM et al. (2016). Predicting Dominance Rankings for Score-Based Games. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tciaig.2014.2346242 QMRO: https://uat2-qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/57807 Perez D, Mostaghim S, Samothrakis S et al. (2015). Multiobjective Monte Carlo Tree Search for Real-Time Games. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tciaig.2014.2345842 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Samothrakis S, Lucas S (2014). Knowledge-based Fast Evolutionary MCTS for General Video Game Playing. 2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2014.6932868 QMRO: qmroHref Samothrakis S, Roberts SA, Perez D et al. (2014). Rolling Horizon methods for Games with Continuous States and Actions. 2014 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2014.6932888 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Powley E, Whitehouse D et al. (2014). The 2013 Multi-Objective Physical Travelling Salesman Problem Competition. 2014 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation (CEC) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2014.6900243 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Powley EJ, Whitehouse D et al. (publicationYear). Solving the Physical Traveling Salesman Problem: Tree Search and Macro Actions. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tciaig.2013.2263884 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Foullon-Pérez A (2014). Robust Word Recognition for Museum Index Cards with the SNT-Grid. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1142/9789814368711_0008 QMRO: qmroHref Roberts SA, Lucas SM (2013). Measuring Interestingness of Continuous Game Problems. 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Inteligence in Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2013.6633641 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Samothrakis S, Lucas S (2013). Online and Offline Learning in Multi-Objective Monte Carlo Tree Search. 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Inteligence in Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2013.6633621 QMRO: qmroHref Alhejali A, Lucas SM (2013). Using Genetic Programming to Evolve Heuristics for a Monte Carlo Tree Search Ms Pac-Man Agent. 2013 IEEE Conference on Computational Inteligence in Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2013.6633639 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Samothrakis S, Lucas S et al. (2013). Rolling horizon evolution versus tree search for navigation in single-player real-time games. Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation DOI: 10.1145/2463372.2463413 QMRO: qmroHref Redaktion (2013). Gute Chancen am Arbeitsmarkt für IT-Fachleute und Experten der Mechatronik, Energie- und Elektrotechnik. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s00287-013-0719-7 QMRO: qmroHref Jaimez-González CR, Luna-Ramírez WA, Lucas SM (2012). A web tool for monitoring HTTP asynchronous method invocations. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Sombat W, Rohlfshagen P, Lucas SM (2012). Evaluating the Enjoyability of the Ghosts in MS Pac-Man. 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2012.6374180 QMRO: qmroHref Roberts SA, Lucas SM (2012). Evolving Spaceship Designs for Optimal Control and the Emergence of Interesting Behaviour. 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2012.6374175 QMRO: qmroHref Ashlock D, Ashlock W, Samothrakis S et al. (2012). From Competition to Cooperation: Co-evolution In A Rewards Continuum. 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2012.6374135 QMRO: qmroHref Runarsson TP, Lucas SM (2012). Imitating Play from Game Trajectories: Temporal Difference Learning versus Preference Learning. 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2012.6374141 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Rohlfshagen P, Lucas SM (2012). Monte Carlo Tree Search: Long-term versus Short-term Planning. 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2012.6374159 QMRO: qmroHref Samothrakis S, Lucas S, Runarsson TP et al. (2013). Coevolving Game-Playing Agents: Measuring Performance and Intransitivities. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tevc.2012.2208755 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Rohlfshagen P, Lucas SM (2012). The Physical Travelling Salesman Problem: WCCI 2012 Competition. 2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2012.6256440 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Rohlfshagen P, Perez D (2012). Towards more intelligent adaptive video game agents. Proceedings of the 9th conference on Computing Frontiers DOI: 10.1145/2212908.2212955 QMRO: qmroHref Browne CB, Powley E, Whitehouse D et al. (2012). A Survey of Monte Carlo Tree Search Methods. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tciaig.2012.2186810 QMRO: qmroHref Peña L, Ossowski S, Peña JM et al. (2012). Learning and Evolving Combat Game Controllers. 2012 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2012.6374156 QMRO: qmroHref Perez D, Rohlfshagen P, Lucas SM (2012). Monte-Carlo Tree Search for the Physical Travelling Salesman Problem. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-29178-4_26 QMRO: qmroHref Robles D, Rohlfshagen P, Lucas SM (2011). Learning Non-Random Moves for Playing Othello: Improving Monte Carlo Tree Search. 2011 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG'11) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2011.6032021 QMRO: qmroHref Abdullahi AA, Lucas SM (2011). Temporal Difference Learning with Interpolated N-Tuples: Initial Results from a Simulated Car Racing Environment. 2011 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG'11) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2011.6032023 QMRO: qmroHref Alhejali AM, Lucas SM (2011). Using a Training Camp with Genetic Programming to Evolve Ms Pac-Man Agents. 2011 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG'11) DOI: 10.1109/cig.2011.6031997 QMRO: qmroHref Samothrakis S, Lucas S (2011). Approximating n-player behavioural strategy nash equilibria using coevolution. Proceedings of the 13th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation DOI: 10.1145/2001576.2001726 QMRO: qmroHref Rohlfshagen P, Lucas SM (2011). Ms Pac-Man versus Ghost Team CEC 2011 Competition. 2011 IEEE Congress of Evolutionary Computation (CEC) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2011.5949599 QMRO: qmroHref Samothrakis S, Robles D, Lucas S (2011). Fast Approximate Max-n Monte Carlo Tree Search for Ms Pac-Man. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tciaig.2011.2144597 QMRO: qmroHref Jaimez-Gonzalez CR, Lucas SM, Lopez-Ornelas EJ (2011). Easy XML Serialization of C# and Java Objects. Proceedings of Balisage: The Markup Conference 2011 DOI: 10.4242/balisagevol7.jaimez01 QMRO: qmroHref Samothrakis S, Lucas SM (2010). Planning using online evolutionary overfitting. 2010 UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI) DOI: 10.1109/ukci.2010.5625569 QMRO: qmroHref Abdullahi AA, Lucas SM (2010). Temporal Difference Learning with Interpolated N-Tuple Networks: Initial Results on Pole Balancing. 2010 UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI) DOI: 10.1109/ukci.2010.5625609 QMRO: qmroHref Samothrakis S, Robles D, Lucas SM (2010). A UCT Agent for Tron: Initial Investigations. Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/itw.2010.5593331 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2010). Estimating Learning Rates in Evolution and TDL: Results on a Simple Grid-World Problem. Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/itw.2010.5593332 QMRO: qmroHref Alhejali AM, Lucas SM (2010). Evolving Diverse Ms. Pac-Man Playing Agents Using Genetic Programming. 2010 UK Workshop on Computational Intelligence (UKCI) DOI: 10.1109/ukci.2010.5625586 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2010). Grammatical Inference and Games: Extended Abstract. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-15488-1_1 QMRO: qmroHref Ghanbari S, Woods JC, Lucas SM (2010). Object-based semi-automatic tool for content retrieval. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1049/el.2010.2114 QMRO: qmroHref Albakour M-D, Kruschwitz U, Lucas S (2010). Sentence-Level Attachment Prediction. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-13084-7_2 QMRO: qmroHref Romano D, Moffat D, El Rhalibi A et al. (2009). AI and Games Symposium. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Albakour MD, Blackwell R, Kruschwitz U et al. (2009). Managing collaboration projects using semantic email search. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Ghanbari S, Woods JC, Lucas SM (2009). BPT Using Multi-Dimensional Information for Semi-Automatic Content Retrieval. 2009 Conference for Visual Media Production DOI: 10.1109/cvmp.2009.22 QMRO: qmroHref Robles D, Lucas SM (2009). A Simple Tree Search Method for Playing Ms. Pac-Man. 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2009.5286469 QMRO: qmroHref Burrow P, Lucas SM (2009). Evolution versus Temporal Difference Learning for Learning to Play Ms. Pac-Man. 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2009.5286495 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2009). Temporal Difference Learning with Interpolated Table Value Functions. 2009 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2009.5286496 QMRO: qmroHref Theodoridis T, Agapitos A, Hu H et al. (2009). Mechanical Feature Attributes for Modeling and Pattern Classification of Physical Activities. 2009 International Conference on Information and Automation DOI: 10.1109/icinfa.2009.5204980 QMRO: qmroHref Foullon-Pérez A, Lucas SM (2009). Orientational Features with the SNT-Grid. 2009 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks DOI: 10.1109/ijcnn.2009.5178683 QMRO: qmroHref Ghanbari S, Woods JC, Lucas SM (2009). Semi-Automatic BPT for Image Retrieval. 2009 Seventh International Workshop on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing DOI: 10.1109/cbmi.2009.17 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2009). Computational Intelligence and AI in Games: A New IEEE Transactions. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tciaig.2009.2021433 QMRO: qmroHref Ghanbari S, Woods JC, Lucas SM (2009). Multi-dimensional BPTs for Content Retrieval. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-02900-4_4 QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Dyson M, Lucas SM et al. (2008). Learning to recognise mental activities: Genetic programming of stateful classifiers for brain-computer interfacing. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Togelius J, Lucas SM et al. (2008). Generating Diverse Opponents with Multiobjective Evolution. 2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2008.5035632 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2008). Investigating Learning Rates for Evolution and Temporal Difference Learning. 2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2008.5035614 QMRO: qmroHref Loiacono D, Togelius J, Lanzi PL et al. (2008). The WCCI 2008 Simulated Car Racing Competition. 2008 IEEE Symposium On Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2008.5035630 QMRO: qmroHref Rudolph G, Jansen T, Lucas S et al. (2008). Parallel Problem Solving from Nature - PPSN X - 10th International Conference, Proceedings: Preface. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Dyson M, Lucas SM et al. (2008). Learning to recognise mental activities. Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation DOI: 10.1145/1389095.1389326 QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Dyson M, Kovalchuk J et al. (2008). On the genetic programming of time-series predictors for supply chain management. Proceedings of the 10th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation DOI: 10.1145/1389095.1389327 QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, Lucas S, Thang HD et al. (2008). The 2007 IEEE CEC simulated car racing competition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s10710-008-9063-0 QMRO: qmroHref Theodoridis T, Agapitos A, Hu H et al. (2008). Ubiquitous Robotics in Physical Human Action Recognition: A Comparison Between Dynamic ANNs and GP. 2008 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation DOI: 10.1109/robot.2008.4543676 QMRO: qmroHref Prabaharan SRS, Chowdari BVR, Brodd RJ (2008). The preface. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s10008-007-0497-8 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2008). Computational intelligence and games: Challenges and opportunities. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s11633-008-0045-8 QMRO: qmroHref Ghanbari S, Woods JC, Rabiee HR et al. (2008). WAVELET DOMAIN BINARY PARTITION TREES FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION. 2008 International Workshop on Content-Based Multimedia Indexing DOI: 10.1109/cbmi.2008.4564961 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2007). Ms Pac-Man competition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1145/1399962.1399969 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2007). Neural network Othello competition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1145/1399962.1399970 QMRO: qmroHref LUCAS SM, DAMPER RI (1990). Syntactic Neural Networks. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1080/09540099008915669 QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, Burrow P, Lucas SM (2007). Multi-population competitive co-evolution of car racing controllers. 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2007.4424998 QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Togelius J, Lucas SM (2007). Evolving controllers for simulated car racing using object oriented genetic programming. Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation DOI: 10.1145/1276958.1277271 QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, De Nardi R, Marques H et al. (2007). Nonlinear dynamics modelling for controller evolution. Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation DOI: 10.1145/1276958.1277020 QMRO: qmroHref Galvan-Lopez E, Togelius J, Lucas S (2007). Towards understanding the effects of neutrality on the sudoku problem. Proceedings of the 9th annual conference on Genetic and evolutionary computation DOI: 10.1145/1276958.1277238 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Reynolds TJ (2007). Learning Finite-State Transducers: Evolution Versus Heuristic State Merging. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tevc.2006.880329 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (publicationYear). Games Technical Committee. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/mci.2007.353426 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Togelius J (2007). Point-to-Point Car Racing: an Initial Study of Evolution Versus Temporal Difference Learning. 2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2007.368107 QMRO: qmroHref Marques H, Togelius J, Kogutowska M et al. (2007). Sensorless but not Senseless: Prediction in Evolutionary Car Racing. 2007 IEEE Symposium on Artificial Life DOI: 10.1109/alife.2007.367819 QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, De Nardi R, Lucas SM (2007). Towards Automatic Personalised Content Creation for Racing Games. 2007 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2007.368106 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2007). A Statistically Aligned Recombination Operator for Finite State Machines. 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2007.4425068 QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, Lucas SM, Nardi RD (2007). Computational Intelligence in Racing Games. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-72705-7_3 QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Lucas SM (2007). Evolving Modular Recursive Sorting Algorithms. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-71605-1_28 QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Lucas SM (2007). Evolving a Statistics Class Using Object Oriented Evolutionary Programming. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-71605-1_27 QMRO: qmroHref Jaimez González CR, Lucas SM (2007). Implementing a State-Based Application Using Web Objects in XML. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-76848-7_40 QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Togelius J, Lucas SM (2007). Multiobjective techniques for the Use of State in Genetic Programming applied to Simulated Car Racing. 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2007.4424659 QMRO: qmroHref Lo MY, Lucas SM (2007). N-Gram Fitness Function with a Constraint in a Musical Evolutionary System. 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2007.4425025 QMRO: qmroHref Ghanbari S, Woods JC, Rabiee HR et al. (2007). Wavelet domain binary partition trees for semantic object extraction. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1049/el:20072303 QMRO: qmroHref Downton A, He J, Lucas S (2007). User-configurable OCR enhancement for online natural history archives. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s10032-006-0022-0 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Runarsson TP (2006). Temporal Difference Learning Versus Co-Evolution for Acquiring Othello Position Evaluation. 2006 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence and Games DOI: 10.1109/cig.2006.311681 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Kendall G (2006). Evolutionary computation and games. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/mci.2006.1597057 QMRO: qmroHref De Nardi R, Togelius J, Holland OE et al. (2006). Evolution of Neural Networks for Helicopter Control: Why Modularity Matters. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2006.1688525 QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Lucas SM (2006). Evolving Efficient Recursive Sorting Algorithms. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2006.1688643 QMRO: qmroHref Lo MY, Lucas SM (2006). Evolving Musical Sequences with N-Gram Based Trainable Fitness Functions. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2006.1688365 QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, Lucas SM (2006). Evolving robust and specialized car racing skills. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2006.1688444 QMRO: qmroHref Agapitos A, Lucas SM (2006). Learning Recursive Functions with Object Oriented Genetic Programming. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/11729976_15 QMRO: qmroHref Moraglio A, Togelius J, Lucas S (2006). Product Geometric Crossover for the Sudoku Puzzle. 2006 IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2006.1688347 QMRO: qmroHref Runarsson TP, Lucas SM (2005). Coevolution Versus Self-Play Temporal Difference Learning for Acquiring Position Evaluation in Small-Board Go. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tevc.2005.856212 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2005). Evolving a neural network location evaluator to play Ms. Pac-Man. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, Lucas SM (2005). Forcing neurocontrollers to exploit sensory symmetry through hard-wired modularity in the game of Cellz. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Gonźalez CRJ (2005). Web-based deployment of text locating algorithms. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Panaretos A, Sosa L et al. (2005). ICDAR 2003 robust reading competitions: entries, results, and future directions. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/s10032-004-0134-3 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Vidal E, Amiri A et al. (1994). A comparison of syntactic and statistical techniques for off-line OCR. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/3-540-58473-0_146 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Reynolds TJ (2005). Learning Deterministic Finite Automata with a Smart State Labeling Evolutionary Algorithm. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/tpami.2005.143 QMRO: qmroHref Togelius J, Lucas SM (2005). Evolving Controllers for Simulated Car Racing. 2005 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation DOI: 10.1109/cec.2005.1554920 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Cho KT (2005). Fast Convolutional OCR with the Scanning N-Tuple Grid. Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR'05) DOI: 10.1109/icdar.2005.109 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2005). ICDAR 2005 Text Locating Competition Results. Eighth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR'05) DOI: 10.1109/icdar.2005.231 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2004). Cellz: A simple dynamic game for testing evolutionary algorithms. Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8753) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2004.1330972 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2004). Exploiting Reflection in Object Oriented Genetic Programming. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-24650-3_35 QMRO: qmroHref Keijzer M, O’Reilly UM, Lucas S et al. (2004). Preface. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/b96274 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Huang T-K (2004). Sequence Recognition with Scanning N-Tuple Ensembles. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2004. ICPR 2004. DOI: 10.1109/icpr.2004.1334553 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2003). Discriminative Training of the Scanning N-Tuple Classifier. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/3-540-44868-3_29 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2003). Evolving Finite State Transducers: Some Initial Explorations. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/3-540-36599-0_12 QMRO: qmroHref Downton AC, Lucas SM, Patoulas G et al. (2003). Computerising Natural History Card Archives. Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, 2003. Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/icdar.2003.1227688 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Patoulas G, Downton AC (2003). Fast Lexicon-Based Word Recognition in Noisy Index Card Images. Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, 2003. Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/icdar.2003.1227708 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Panaretos A, Sosa L et al. (2003). ICDAR 2003 Robust Reading Competitions. Seventh International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, 2003. Proceedings. DOI: 10.1109/icdar.2003.1227749 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Reynolds TJ (2003). Learning DFA: Evolution versus Evidence Driven State Merging. The 2003 Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2003. CEC '03. DOI: 10.1109/cec.2003.1299597 QMRO: qmroHref Ishidera E, Lucas SM, Downton AC (2002). Top-Down Likelihood Word Image Generation Model for Holistic Word Recognition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/3-540-45869-7_11 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Damper RI (publicationYear). A connectionist approach to text-phonemics translation using syntactic neural networks. [Proceedings] 1992 RNNS/IEEE Symposium on Neuroinformatics and Neurocomputers DOI: 10.1109/rnns.1992.268613 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (2002). Evolving Spring-Mass Models: A Test-Bed for Graph Encoding Schemes. Proceedings of the 2002 Congress on Evolutionary Computation. CEC'02 (Cat. No.02TH8600) DOI: 10.1109/cec.2002.1004542 QMRO: qmroHref Ishidera E, Lucas SM, Downton AC (2002). Likelihood Word Image Generation Model for Word Recognition. Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots DOI: 10.1109/icpr.2002.1047822 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (2002). Web-Based Evaluation and Deployment of Pattern Recognizers. Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots DOI: 10.1109/icpr.2002.1047936 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (2001). Efficient graph-based dictionary search and its application to text-image searching. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8655(00)00117-3 QMRO: qmroHref Downton AC, Tams AC, Wells GJ et al. (2001). Constructing Web-Based Legacy Index Card Archives - Architectural Design Issues and Initial Data Acquisition. Proceedings of Sixth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition DOI: 10.1109/icdar.2001.953908 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Tams AC, Cho SJ et al. (2001). Robust Word Recognition for Museum Archive Card Indexing. Proceedings of Sixth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition DOI: 10.1109/icdar.2001.953772 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Beattie P, Coy J (2000). Automatic evaluation of adaptive algorithms over the Internet. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/nnsp.2000.890169 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Sarampalis K (2000). Automatic evaluation of algorithms over the Internet. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/icpr.2000.906114 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (2000). Efficient best-first dictionary search given graph-based input. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1109/icpr.2000.902951 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (2000). Specifying intrinsically adaptive architectures. 2000 IEEE Symposium on Combinations of Evolutionary Computation and Neural Networks. Proceedings of the First IEEE Symposium on Combinations of Evolutionary Computation and Neural Networks (Cat. No.00EX448) DOI: 10.1109/ecnn.2000.886238 QMRO: qmroHref Downton AC, Lucas SM (1999). Interactive archive card index conversion and verification. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (1999). Rapid best first retrieval from massive dictionaries with poorly segmented inputs. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (1999). Designing video-joysticks. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Downton AC, Lucas SM (1999). Interactive archive card index conversion and verification. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (1999). Rapid best first retrieval from massive dictionaries with poorly segmented inputs. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Downton AC, Lucas SM, Du L (1999). Lazy evaluation for best-first contextual handwriting recognition. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition. ICDAR '99 (Cat. No.PR00318) DOI: 10.1109/icdar.1999.791856 QMRO: qmroHref Downton AC, Lucas SM, Cracknell C (1998). Document and Handwriting Analysis for Archive Index Card Conversion. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1998). Real-time face recognition with the continuous n-tuple classifier. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1998). Spatially aware rapid retrieval system (SPARRS). nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1998). A fast exact parallel implementation of the k-nearest neighbour pattern classifier. 1998 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks Proceedings. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence (Cat. No.98CH36227) DOI: 10.1109/ijcnn.1998.687142 QMRO: qmroHref Siddiqi AA, Lucas SM (1998). Comparison of matrix rewriting versus direct encoding for evolving neural networks. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1998). Continuous n-tuple classifier and its application to real-time face recognition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1049/ip-vis:19982317 QMRO: qmroHref d’Aulignac D, Moschovinos A, Lucas S (1998). Virtual Table Tennis and the Design of Neural Network Players. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6492-1_98 QMRO: qmroHref Du L, Downton AC, Lucas SM (1997). A unified object-Oriented toolkit for discrete contextual computer vision. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1997). Forward-backward building blocks for evolving neural networks with intrinsic learning behaviours. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1997). Continuous n-tuple classifier and its application to face recognition. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1049/el:19971149 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1997). Forward-backward building blocks for evolving neural networks with intrinsic learning behaviours. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/bfb0032531 QMRO: qmroHref Du L, Downton AC, Lucas SM et al. (1997). Generalized contextual recognition of hand-printed documents using semantic trees with lazy evaluation. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition DOI: 10.1109/icdar.1997.619848 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (1996). Can scanning n-tuple classifiers be improved by pre-transforming training data?. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Du L, Lucas SM, Downton AC (1996). Computationally efficient contextual processing for handwritten forms. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Amiri A, Du L, Downton AC et al. (1996). Optimised hand-printed character recognition using neural network cascades. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1996). Rapid best-first retrieval from massive dictionaries. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8655(96)00108-0 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (1996). Rapid content-based retrieval from document image databases. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Amiri A (1996). Statistical syntactic methods for high-performance OCR. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1049/ip-vis:19960253 QMRO: qmroHref Downton AC, Amiri A, Du L et al. (1995). Configurable toolkit approach to handwritten forms recognition. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1995). Rapid searching of massive dictionaries given uncertain inputs. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Amiri A, Lucas S (1995). Recognition of chain-coded handwritten character images with scanning n-tuple method. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1049/el:19951438 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1995). High performance OCR with syntactic neural networks. 4th International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks DOI: 10.1049/cp:19950542 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1995). Rapid best-first retrieval from massive dictionaries by lazy evaluation of a syntactic neural network. Proceedings of ICNN'95 - International Conference on Neural Networks DOI: 10.1109/icnn.1995.487709 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM (1995). Towards the open ended evolution of neural networks. 1st International Conference on Genetic Algorithms in Engineering Systems: Innovations and Applications (GALESIA) DOI: 10.1049/cp:19951080 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Amiri A, Hanlon SJ (1994). Robust syntactic recognition techniques for OCR. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (1994). Structuring chromosomes for context-free grammar evolution. Proceedings of the First IEEE Conference on Evolutionary Computation. IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence DOI: 10.1109/icec.1994.350028 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Zhao Z, Cawley G et al. (1993). On decomposing MLPs. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Zhao Z, Cawley G et al. (1993). Pattern recognition with the decomposed multilayer perceptron. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1049/el:19930295 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (1992). An algebraic approach to learning in syntactic neural networks. [Proceedings 1992] IJCNN International Joint Conference on Neural Networks DOI: 10.1109/ijcnn.1992.287076 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Damper RI (1992). Syntactic Neural Networks. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-94-011-2624-3_4 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S (1991). Algebraic learning in syntactic neural networks. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Damper B (1991). Syntactic Neural Networks in VLSI. nameOfConference DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-3752-6_30 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas S, Damper B (1991). Syntactic neural networks for text-phonetics translation. [Proceedings] ICASSP 91: 1991 International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing DOI: 10.1109/icassp.1991.150388 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Damper RI (1990). Signature verification with a syntactic neural net. 1990 IJCNN International Joint Conference on Neural Networks DOI: 10.1109/ijcnn.1990.137596 QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Damper RI (1990). TEXT-TO-PHONETICS TRANSLATION WITH SYNTACTIC NEURAL NETS. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref Lucas SM, Damper RI (1989). New learning paradigm for neural networks. nameOfConference DOI: doi QMRO: qmroHref