Reaction: a 3α-hydroxysteroid + NAD(P)+ = a 3-oxosteroid + NAD(P)H + H+
Other name(s): 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; AKR1C4 (gene name); AKR1C2 (gene name); hsdA (gene name)
Systematic name: 3α-hydroxysteroid:NAD(P)+ 3-oxidoreductase
Comments: The enzyme acts on multiple 3α-hydroxysteroids, such as androsterone and 5 α-dihydrotestosterone. The mammalian enzymes are involved in inactivation of steroid hormones, while the bacterial enzymes are involved in steroid degradation. This entry stands for enzymes whose stereo-specificity with respect to NAD+ or NADP+ is not known. [cf. EC 1.1.1.50, 3α-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase (Si-specific) and EC 1.1.1.213, 3α-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase (Re-specific)].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG Metacyc, CAS registry number:
References:
1. Deyashiki, Y., Ogasawara, A., Nakayama, T., Nakanishi, M., Miyabe, Y., Sato, K. and Hara, A. Molecular cloning of two human liver 3 α-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase isoenzymes that are identical with chlordecone reductase and bile-acid binder. Biochem. J. 299 (1994) 545-552. [PMID: 8172617]
2. Khanna, M., Qin, K.N., Wang, R.W. and Cheng, K.C. Substrate specificity, gene structure, and tissue-specific distribution of multiple human 3 α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases. J. Biol. Chem. 270 (1995) 20162-20168. [PMID: 7650035]
3. Oppermann, U.C. and Maser, E. Characterization of a 3 α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase from the gram-negative bacterium Comamonas testosteroni. Eur. J. Biochem. 241 (1996) 744-749. [PMID: 8944761]
4. Mobus, E. and Maser, E. Molecular cloning, overexpression, and characterization of steroid-inducible 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/carbonyl reductase from Comamonas testosteroni. A novel member of the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily. J. Biol. Chem. 273 (1998) 30888-30896. [PMID: 9812981]
5. Nahoum, V., Gangloff, A., Legrand, P., Zhu, D.W., Cantin, L., Zhorov, B.S., Luu-The, V., Labrie, F., Breton, R. and Lin, S.X. Structure of the human 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3 in complex with testosterone and NADP at 1.25-Å resolution. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (2001) 42091-42098. [PMID: 11514561]